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摘要: 随着人们对"性别"的认识不断加深，"性别认同"上的差异也不再被认为是一种精神疾病。首先，梳理了"性别不一致"在国内外的诊断变更历程；其次，探讨了"性别不一致"背后的性生理与性心理基础，其中重点介绍了性别的多维和非二元特征；最后，还通过专业的精神科视角厘清了"性别不一致"与精神症状的区别。旨在呼吁普通大众和相关从业人员对"性别不一致"个体的理解和尊重，引导普通大众对相关伦理法律问题的理性思考，建议相关从业人员在《国际疾病分类（第十一次修订本）》诊断框架的指导下为患者提供更专业的健康服务。Abstract: With a better understanding of "gender", the variation of "gender identity" is no longer considered as a mental illness. In this paper, we firstly review the history of diagnostic changes of "gender incongruence" in domestic and overseas research, and then discuss the physiological and psychosexual basis behind "gender incongruence", focusing on the multidimensional and non-binary characteristics of genders. In addition, this paper clarifies the differences between "gender incongruence" and psychiatric symptoms through a professional psychiatric perspective. This paper aims to appeal to the general public and relevant practitioners to understand and respect gender non-conforming individuals, to trigger rational thinking about related ethical and legal issues among people. Relevant practitioners are suggested to provide more professional health services to patients under the guideline of the ICD-11 diagnostic framework.
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Keywords:
- gender incongruence /
- gender dysphoria /
- gender identity
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